Page 45 - 2020 Defence White Paper

Appendix
7

Key Denuclearization Agreements Regarding
the North Korean Nuclear Issue

Agreement Major Details (summary)
• Agreed to cooperate in replacing graphite-moderated reactors with light-water reactors
˝ Geneva Agreed • Agreed to work toward the complete normalization of political and economic relationship between
Framework North Korea and United States
(October 21, 1994) • Agreed to cooperate for peace and security on the denuclearized Korean Peninsula
• Agreed to cooperate for the consolidation of the nuclear non-proliferation regime

• Reaffirmed verifiable denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula
˞ September 19 Joint • Pledged to promote economic cooperation in energy, trading, and investment
Statement • Pledged to take joint efforts for permanent peace and stability in Northeast Asia
(September 19, 2005) • Agreed on phased implementation of the agreement

• Agreed on the closure and sealing of nuclear facilities in North Korea, return of IAEA inspectors to
North Korea, and preparation of a list of all nuclear programs
˟ February 13 Agreement • Began bilateral talks for the normalization of US-North Korea and North Korea–Japan relationships
(February 13, 2007) • Agreed to provide economic, energy, and humanitarian aid to North Korea
• Agreed to convene a separate forum with directly concerned parties to negotiate a peace regime
for the Korean Peninsula
• Agreed to disable all existing nuclear facilities and to declare all nuclear programs in a complete,
accurate manner
ˠ October 3 Agreement • Reaffirmed North Korea’s pledge not to transfer nuclear materials, technologies, or knowledge
(October 3, 2007)
• Agreed to provide economic, energy, and humanitarian aid to North Korea corresponding to 1
million tons of heavy fuel oil
• North Korea agreed to take preliminary measures for denuclearization
• The United States agreed to provide 240,000 tons of nutrition aid
ˡ February 29 Agreement
(February 29, 2012) • The United States confirmed that it does not have any hostile intention toward North Korea
• Agreed to improve US-North Korea relations and expand civilian exchanges in culture, education,
and sports
• Mutual prosperity and self-reliant unification
ˢ Panmunjom Declaration • Mitigation of military tension
(April 27, 2018) • Establishment of a permanent, stable peace regime on the Korean Peninsula
• Achieve a nuclear-free Korean Peninsula through complete denuclearization

• Agreed to establish a new US-North Korea relationship
ˣ US-North Korea Joint • Agreed to make joint efforts to build a permanent, stable peace regime on the Korean Peninsula
Statement • North Korea reaffirmed the Panmunjom Declaration and agreed to make efforts for the complete
(June 12, 2018) denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula
• Agreed to recover the remains of POWs and MIAs and repatriate the identified remains
• Agreed to cease military hostility and expand exchanges and cooperation
ˤ Pyongyang Joint
Declaration • Agreed to dismantle the Dongchang-ri missile engine test site and launch platform
(September 19, 2018) • Agreed to dismantle the nuclear facilities in Yongbyon as the United States takes reciprocal
measures

Appendix